Pros And Cons Of Globalization Politics Essay

Pros And Cons Of planetaryization Politics EssayThe 19th snow witnessed the advent of human beingswideisation in any(prenominal)thing approaching its modern form. Industrialization permitted the tatty production of ho uptakehold items using economies of scale, while rapid population return created sustained demand for commodities and manufactures. Globalization in this period was decisively influence by nineteenth-century imperialism. After the Opium Wars and the completion of the British conquest of India, the vast populations of these regions became bushel consumers of European exports. Meanwhile, the conquest of new parts of the globe, nonably sub-Saharan Africa, by the European powers yielded valuable natural resources such as rubber, diamonds and coal and helped can trade and investment among the European imperial powers, their colonies, and the United States. It was in this period that beas of sub-Saharan Africa and the Pacific islands were incorporated into th e world system. The first configuration of modern globalisation began to break down at the beginning of the twentieth century with the First World War. According to John Maynard Keynes The inhabitant of capital of the United Kingdom could order by telephone, sipping his morning tea, the various products of the whole earth, and reasonably stay their early delivery upon his doorstep. Militarism and imperialism of racial and cultural rivalries were little to a greater extent than the amusements of his passing(a) newspaper. What an extraordinary episode in the sparing progress of man was that advance which came to an end in August 1914. The final death knell for this contour of globalization came during the gold standard crisis and Great Depression in the after-hours 1920s and early 1930s. Globalization in the middle decades of the twentieth century was large-mouthedly driven by the global expansion of multi field of study corporations found in the United States and the worldw ide export of American culture through with(predicate) the new media of film, television and recorded music. Today, cross-border capital flows be more(prenominal) tell than trade flows, and just about transnational corporations now gather in budgets larger than the economies of legion(predicate) countries. But what is globalization by itself?Imagine how tone was twenty historic period ago. There were no cell phones, no computers, definitely no laptops. Therefore, thither was limited communication non only between people from causation(a) countries, but in addition between people who lived on the oppo locate site of the same country. Instead of sending emails that only take a few seconds to receive, letters were sent and received within a few geezerhood of weeks.In its simplest way we can describe globalization as elimination of borders such as each country becomes socially, politically and economically dependent with one another. In ideal global community economic g lobalization will lead to emergence of global commercialise place or single world market. Depending on the paradigm, globalization can brook both(prenominal) corroborative and minus effects on participating nations.On the positive status, globalization has conducted in increase access to more goods and consumers in numerous countries, reduced prices due to competition with local monopolies and increased food allow due to industrial agricultural in some countries. There is a worldwide market for the companies and for the customers at that place is a better access to products from several(predicate) countries. For example, people are quite happy when they are able to leverage label products like Nike shoes, GAP clothes, Sony Play Stations, Apple devices, Toshiba computers for bargain prices. These are just a few items people from first world whoop it up purchasing for reasonable prices. The prices are kept low by the shaper because the items are peed in the leash world countries where crowd costs are minimal. Poor people in some countries remove been able to grease ones palms cheaper imported goods kind of than goods produced by local monopolies. Transnational companies provide third world regions engineering and employment wages and as a result of financial investment the employed workers can afford food, cloth and a shelter for their families. In theory, the region should go on prosperity and til nowtually start importing goods and services created based on other countries in addition to exporting goods and services created on their own. A recent say by the London-based Center for Economic Policy Research reports that globalization increases economic growth and improved the incomes of both rich and poor people. The researchers lease that the subjugate of people quick in p all overty today would be even greater without globalization. However, there is more inequality among and within countries today than in the past. Between 1870 and 1 990, the gap in per capita income between rich and developing countries has prominent fivefold.Closely related to equality and wages, labor conditions is another area influenced by globalization. On the positive side, some workers in lesser developed countries have received more education and training from multinational companies due to globalization. Furthermore, there is some evidence that increased competition has resulted in upgrading educational systems to produce a more highly qualified workforce. The threat of job excision is one of the most tangible concerns that critics have regarding globalization. Workers have more employment opportunities in some countries, but they have less in others where sealed industries and firms have been put out of business by global competitor. or so people have less choice about how they make their living as a result of globalization. In fact, globalization affects everyone from the villager working in a third world transnational mill to t he unemployed former factory worker in North America. These two types of individuals best gift people most affected by globalization. The third world factory workers may for the first time in their lives have a certain and steady income to feed, clothe and shelter their families. In the past they may have been vulnerable to diseases and starvation. It also has significant impact on people in North America as many of manufacturing jobs were relocated offshore where labor cost and taxes were nominal. They not only have lost their jobs, but also their homes and their hopes. Increasing imports from low-wage countries are perceived by some as a threat to manufacturing jobs in industrialized countries, particularly in labor-intensive sectors.The key question regarding globalization and presidencys is whether or not globalization threatens national sovereignty. Historically, governments vie a major role in promoting their countrys economic development and managing its economy. Today, h owever, some critics argue that government matters less and less in a global economy. On the positive side of the ledger, for some governments, globalization has resulted in spread out infrastructure, more jobs, and more economic development for their citizenry. Certain countries have benefited from the deepen of modern, more effective management techniques to their business sector. Furthermore, some observers believe that the increased interdependence of trading and investment partners will draw countries closer in concert and serve as deterrent against war. On the negative side, international conflict has influenced public polity in some countries by encou godforsaken government officials to lower labor standards. Because governments may view themselves in competition with others in a race to the bottom to attract investors to their country, foreign firms can have the upper hand in negotiations unless governments have something unique such as rare natural resources, highly tra ined people and a large market to offer. Singapore, for instance, invested heavily in education, attracting high-tech and professional industry rather than limiting its population to employment in low-wage factories.Globalization may be a positive force for greater cross-cultural understanding via more cross-cultural exposure and closer cross-border ties. In the past thirty age we have been socially attached to the internet and have created global cerebrate between people and fields of education, medicine, science and technology, art, entertainment, trade, travel, business, politics. The list goes on and on. We glide the internet in search of movies, music and fashion. We can even go on online dating services that connect us up with the complete(a) guy or girl that we have been dreaming to meet. As Tomlinson distinguishd, A world of complex connectivity thus links the myriad small popular actions of millions with the fates of distant, unknown others and even with the possible fate of the planet. According to Tomlinson increased connectivity of the world is as a double-edged sword that provides new and wider understanding at the same time that it takes away the securities of ones local world. Critics claim that globalization is creating a monoculture that is rapidly spreading around the world. By this view, weakened cultural traditions have with the importation of foreign media, stores, and goods encourage cultural homogenization. For instance, television has universally connected many cultures to one another. In fact, many non-western cultures have been influenced by the openhanded scale of exportation of western culture through music, television and the internet. Critics claim that globalization has irrevocably changed the social landscape of communities and constitutes a threat to national culture in various ways.As what concerning environmental sustainability, positive side of globalization is that it caused some countries to make a narrower range of products more efficiently. In other words, it has given them a comparative advantage. It has been responsible for creating and exporting technologies that use fewer natural resources and result in less waste and pollution. Globalization has facilitated improved energy efficiency, reduced use of materials, metal recovery technologies. The industrial ecology movement has sought to improve environmental responsiveness at the same time that it reduces the global cost of production for corporations. On the negative side, because of globalization, harmful technologies and activities have also been exported. Although better technology is available, companies do not always use it because it may be expensive. Therefore, globalization is blamed as a source of pollution. Since environment is a hereditary pattern of all human beings and everyone is affected it becomes a global environmental problem.How does globalization affect our life? Because of globalization we have a great number of ch oices as to what types of movies, food, cloth, technology and books we can purchase and what prices we pay for them. Our choices might become limited if we are not able to secure our jobs because of the negative economic impact of global shift in economic investment outside our country. Since globalization in some degree erases borders, we start to live in cultural diversity. Because some of our friends are foreigners, we are growing in understanding of their cultural heritage and experience some kind of social connection with their home cultures. We tincture around our house and see goods that have been manufactured all over the world blankets from India, tea from Ceylon, cloth from China, Korea and France, furniture from Canada and so forth.How does economic globalization be fully achieved? The realization of economic globalization can only be achieved through the progressive change of law and policies governing how countries sub goods and services with one another. The North A merican trade agreement between USA, Canada and Mexico is a good example of this type of globalization political policy creation. The paradigm of past eras of protection resulted in policies that served as national engross of individual countries to preserve local jobs and produce markets. Tariffs, trade quotas, legislations were passed to assure imports could not have competitive pricing edge and gain significant market foothold within the country. Nationalism and its reluctant trade policy ofttimes restrained the flow of goods and services across borders. As time pasts, countries more often start to realize that in order to be competitive they must start to open their borders more widely.In conclusion, the current debates raging on globalization and the explosion of publications on this topic reflect the vastness this phenomenon has gained in recent years. We can picture globalization as a process that has resulted in both positive and negative consequences, both winners and lo sers. habituated the complexity and scope of the topic, it is difficult to determine with precision whether some of the problems conjugate to globalization would exist independently and to what degree. Globalization in its current state often involves serious tradeoffs such as economic development and jobs at the cost of environmental degradation and weakened labor protection. Given the ever-evolving tale of economic development, trade, and international relations, there is little reason to assume that globalization as we know it today is the final version. It is time to consider how we as future managers may contribute to globalization and whether we may take a strong leadership role in influencing the way people conceive of about and practice global business in the future.